Shikoku
Japan, Asian Spitz and related breeds
- Size
- Medium
- Height
- 43–55 cm
- Weight
- 12–25 kg
- Life expectancy
- 12–14 yrs
- Active
- Alert
- Loyal
- Independent
Heights and weights are typical adult ranges; individual dogs vary.
About the Shikoku
The Shikoku is a medium-sized hunting spitz from the mountains of Kochi on the island of Shikoku, Japan, traditionally used for wild boar and deer. It is lean, agile and strong, with a pointed muzzle, small erect ears, a curled tail and a coat in sesame, red or black and tan.
Temperament
Alert, active and loyal to one or few people. Reserved with strangers. Independent and strong-willed, with strong prey drive.
Exercise
High: around an hour or more of daily exercise, ideally including hiking or running in a secure space.
Grooming
The dense double coat sheds heavily in two seasons, when daily brushing helps. At other times a weekly brush is plenty.
Care & wellbeing
Secure fencing is essential. Start socialisation and training early.
Daily needs at a glance
For a typical 18.5 kg adult- Water
- 740 ml–1.1 L
- a day
- Energy
- ≈ 1,000 kcal
- a day, neutered adult
- Exercise
- 90–120 min
- a day
- Grooming
- Brushing a few times a week
Starting points from the same formulas as our calculators. Your pet's age, weight, activity and food all change the numbers. Work it out for your pet
Living with a Shikoku
Typical tendencies for the breed. Upbringing, training and the individual matter as much.
History
A Japanese spitz from the mountains of Shikoku island, used to hunt wild boar and other game. Medium-sized, agile and tireless, it is a rare dog, valued as a national treasure in its homeland.
Health
The breed can be prone to
- Hip dysplasia
- Allergies
Health tests to ask a breeder about
- Hip and elbow scores
- Eye tests
Not every Shikoku is affected, and this isn't a diagnosis. Read about common conditions and when to see a vet.
Cost to keep
About average- Moderate food and insurance costs
- Little or no professional grooming needed
- A 12–14 year commitment
- Budget for breed-related health checks or insurance
A relative guide, not a price — costs vary a lot by country, insurer and lifestyle.
Is a Shikoku right for you?
Could suit
- Active owners who enjoy long walks, running or hiking
Think twice if
- You can't give well over an hour of exercise a day, every day
Not sure? Try the breed finder or read choosing the right dog breed.
Common questions
How big does a Shikoku get?
Adult Shikokus typically stand about 43–55 cm at the shoulder and weigh around 12–25 kg. Individuals vary, and males are often larger than females.
How long do Shikokus live?
Typically 12–14 years. Keeping them lean, active and up to date with vet checks gives the best chance of a long, healthy life.
How much exercise does a Shikoku need?
As a guide, around 90–120 minutes a day, split between walks, play and sniffing time. Puppies and older dogs need shorter, gentler sessions.
How much grooming does a Shikoku need?
Brushing a few times a week. Check ears, teeth and nails as part of the routine.
Are Shikokus easy to train?
Generally trainable with consistent, reward-based practice.
Do Shikokus shed?
A moderate amount. Regular brushing keeps loose hair under control.
Are Shikokus good with children?
Many get on well with children. Always supervise young children with any dog, and teach them to give the dog space.
Can a Shikoku live in a flat?
It's usually a challenge — as long as they get enough daily exercise and time outdoors.
What health problems do Shikokus have?
The breed can be prone to hip dysplasia, allergies. Not every Shikoku is affected — ask a breeder about health testing, and your vet about what to watch for.
Written by Petopedia as general guidance, not veterinary advice. Ask your vet about health screening for this breed.
Breed details
- Country of origin
- Japan
- Type
- Asian Spitz and related breeds
- Internationally recognised
- 1982