King Charles Spaniel
Also known as Epagneul King Charles
Great Britain, English Toy Spaniels
- Size
- Toy
- Height
- 23–28 cm
- Weight
- 3.6–6.3 kg
- Life expectancy
- 10–14 yrs
- Affectionate
- Gentle
- Quiet
- Sociable
Heights and weights are typical adult ranges; individual dogs vary.
About the King Charles Spaniel
The King Charles Spaniel, known in Britain as the English Toy Spaniel, is a small companion dog with a long history as a lap dog at European courts. It has a domed head, short nose, large dark eyes and long, silky, feathered ears, in colours such as black and tan, ruby, or white with red or black patches. It is similar to the Cavalier but smaller and flatter-faced.
Temperament
Affectionate, quiet and gentle, usually friendly with people. It tends to be calmer than many toy breeds and enjoys company and cuddles.
Exercise
Needs short daily walks and gentle play. It is not an endurance dog and tires easily in heat.
Grooming
Long silky coat needing brushing several times a week, and regular cleaning of the ears and face folds.
Care & wellbeing
Flat-faced dogs can struggle with heat and breathing, so keep it cool and avoid strenuous exercise. Check ears and eyes regularly. Dental care is important.
Daily needs at a glance
For a typical 5 kg adult- Water
- 200 ml–300 ml
- a day
- Energy
- ≈ 370 kcal
- a day, neutered adult
- Exercise
- 30–60 min
- a day
- Grooming
- Brushing most days
Starting points from the same formulas as our calculators. Your pet's age, weight, activity and food all change the numbers. Work it out for your pet
Living with a King Charles Spaniel
Typical tendencies for the breed. Upbringing, training and the individual matter as much.
History
A British toy spaniel, known in some countries as the English Toy Spaniel, long kept as a lap dog. It has a domed head, short nose and long silky coat, and is a gentle, affectionate companion.
Health
The breed can be prone to
- Heart valve disease
- Brachycephalic airway problems
- Syringomyelia
- Eye problems
Health tests to ask a breeder about
- Heart checks
- MRI scanning for syringomyelia
- Eye tests
Not every King Charles Spaniel is affected, and this isn't a diagnosis. Read about common conditions and when to see a vet.
Cost to keep
Lower than average- Smaller food bills and medicine doses
- Regular professional grooming adds up
- A 10–14 year commitment
- Budget for breed-related health checks or insurance
A relative guide, not a price — costs vary a lot by country, insurer and lifestyle.
Is a King Charles Spaniel right for you?
Could suit
- Calmer households and owners who prefer gentle walks
- Smaller homes, as long as daily exercise needs are met
Think twice if
- You don't have time for frequent brushing or the cost of professional grooming
- You live somewhere hot or want a very active companion — flat-faced breeds can struggle with breathing and heat
Not sure? Try the breed finder or read choosing the right dog breed.
Common questions
How big does a King Charles Spaniel get?
Adult King Charles Spaniels typically stand about 23–28 cm at the shoulder and weigh around 3.6–6.3 kg. Individuals vary, and males are often larger than females.
How long do King Charles Spaniels live?
Typically 10–14 years. Keeping them lean, active and up to date with vet checks gives the best chance of a long, healthy life.
How much exercise does a King Charles Spaniel need?
As a guide, around 30–60 minutes a day, split between walks, play and sniffing time. Puppies and older dogs need shorter, gentler sessions.
How much grooming does a King Charles Spaniel need?
Brushing most days. Check ears, teeth and nails as part of the routine.
Are King Charles Spaniels easy to train?
Generally trainable with consistent, reward-based practice.
Do King Charles Spaniels shed?
A moderate amount. Regular brushing keeps loose hair under control.
Are King Charles Spaniels good with children?
Many get on well with children. Always supervise young children with any dog, and teach them to give the dog space.
Can a King Charles Spaniel live in a flat?
Usually, yes — as long as they get enough daily exercise and time outdoors.
What health problems do King Charles Spaniels have?
The breed can be prone to heart valve disease, brachycephalic airway problems, syringomyelia. Not every King Charles Spaniel is affected — ask a breeder about health testing, and your vet about what to watch for.
Written by Petopedia as general guidance, not veterinary advice. Ask your vet about health screening for this breed.
Breed details
- Country of origin
- Great Britain
- Type
- English Toy Spaniels
- Internationally recognised
- 1955